PHP教學-安全的E-mails
PHP Secure E-mails
在先前的 PHP e-mail scripts中,存在著一個漏洞。
PHP E-mail 注入
首先,請看先前的 PHP 程式碼:
<html>
<body>
<?php
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
//if "email" is filled out, send email
{
//send email
$email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
$subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
$message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
mail("someone@example.com", "Subject: $subject",
$message, "From: $email" );
echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
}
else
//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
{
echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
Email: <input name='email' type='text'><br>
Subject: <input name='subject' type='text'><br>
Message:<br>
<textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
</textarea><br>
<input type='submit'>
</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
以上程式碼存在的問題是,未經授權的用戶可通過輸入表單在郵件頭部插入資料。
假如用戶在表單中的輸入框內加入如下文本到電子郵件中,會出現什麼情況呢?
someone@example.com%0ACc:person2@example.com
%0ABcc:person3@example.com,person3@example.com,
anotherperson4@example.com,person5@example.com
%0ABTo:person6@example.com
與往常一樣,mail() 函數把上面的文本放入郵件頭部,那麼現在頭部有了額外的 Cc:、Bcc: 和 To: 字段。當用戶點擊提交按鈕時,這封 e-mail 會被發送到上面所有的地址!
PHP 防止 E-mail 注入
防止 e-mail 注入的最好方法是對輸入進行驗證。
下面的程式碼與先前中的類似,不過這裡我們已經增加了檢測表單中 email 字段的輸入驗證程式:
<html>
<body>
<?php
function spamcheck($field)
{
//filter_var() sanitizes the e-mail
//address using FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL
$field=filter_var($field, FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL);
//filter_var() validates the e-mail
//address using FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL
if(filter_var($field, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL))
{
return TRUE;
}
else
{
return FALSE;
}
}
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
{//if "email" is filled out, proceed
//check if the email address is invalid
$mailcheck = spamcheck($_REQUEST['email']);
if ($mailcheck==FALSE)
{
echo "Invalid input";
}
else
{//send email
$email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
$subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
$message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
mail("someone@example.com", "Subject: $subject",
$message, "From: $email" );
echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
}
}
else
{//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
Email: <input name='email' type='text'><br>
Subject: <input name='subject' type='text'><br>
Message:<br>
<textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
</textarea><br>
<input type='submit'>
</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
在上面的程式碼中,我們使用了 PHP 過濾器來對輸入進行驗證:
FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL 過濾器從字串中刪除電子郵件的非法字元
FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL 過濾器驗證電子郵件地址的值
在先前的 PHP e-mail scripts中,存在著一個漏洞。
PHP E-mail 注入
首先,請看先前的 PHP 程式碼:
<html>
<body>
<?php
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
//if "email" is filled out, send email
{
//send email
$email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
$subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
$message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
mail("someone@example.com", "Subject: $subject",
$message, "From: $email" );
echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
}
else
//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
{
echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
Email: <input name='email' type='text'><br>
Subject: <input name='subject' type='text'><br>
Message:<br>
<textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
</textarea><br>
<input type='submit'>
</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
以上程式碼存在的問題是,未經授權的用戶可通過輸入表單在郵件頭部插入資料。
假如用戶在表單中的輸入框內加入如下文本到電子郵件中,會出現什麼情況呢?
someone@example.com%0ACc:person2@example.com
%0ABcc:person3@example.com,person3@example.com,
anotherperson4@example.com,person5@example.com
%0ABTo:person6@example.com
與往常一樣,mail() 函數把上面的文本放入郵件頭部,那麼現在頭部有了額外的 Cc:、Bcc: 和 To: 字段。當用戶點擊提交按鈕時,這封 e-mail 會被發送到上面所有的地址!
PHP 防止 E-mail 注入
防止 e-mail 注入的最好方法是對輸入進行驗證。
下面的程式碼與先前中的類似,不過這裡我們已經增加了檢測表單中 email 字段的輸入驗證程式:
<html>
<body>
<?php
function spamcheck($field)
{
//filter_var() sanitizes the e-mail
//address using FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL
$field=filter_var($field, FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL);
//filter_var() validates the e-mail
//address using FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL
if(filter_var($field, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL))
{
return TRUE;
}
else
{
return FALSE;
}
}
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
{//if "email" is filled out, proceed
//check if the email address is invalid
$mailcheck = spamcheck($_REQUEST['email']);
if ($mailcheck==FALSE)
{
echo "Invalid input";
}
else
{//send email
$email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
$subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
$message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
mail("someone@example.com", "Subject: $subject",
$message, "From: $email" );
echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
}
}
else
{//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
Email: <input name='email' type='text'><br>
Subject: <input name='subject' type='text'><br>
Message:<br>
<textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
</textarea><br>
<input type='submit'>
</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
在上面的程式碼中,我們使用了 PHP 過濾器來對輸入進行驗證:
FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL 過濾器從字串中刪除電子郵件的非法字元
FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL 過濾器驗證電子郵件地址的值
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